When using the accumulator, oil is spraying from the oil tank. How to solve this problem?

In actual operation, oil spraying from the tank may occasionally occur. This is due to the crushing of the accumulator bladder under pressure, which allows a large amount of air bubbles to enter the hydraulic fluid. This increases the fluid's compressibility. When the fluid pressure suddenly drops from high to low, the returning fluid expands rapidly in the tank. The pressure inside the tank exceeds atmospheric pressure, forcing the oil mixed with air to discharge from the breather vent, resulting in the oil spraying phenomenon.

If an accumulator malfunction is suspected, the nitrogen pre-charge pressure should be checked.

Additionally, abnormalities can occur if the pre-charge pressure is too high. In this case, the accumulator stores too little oil, failing to meet the cylinder's volume requirements and preventing normal operation.

To maximize the accumulator's effectiveness in absorbing pressure pulsations, the connecting pipe between the accumulator and the main line branch point should be short, the diameter appropriately large, and it should be installed close to the pulsation source. Otherwise, its ability to dampen pressure pulsations will be poor and may even exacerbate them.

(1) Absorbing Hydraulic Shock

The rapid opening and closing of solenoid valves can create pressure shocks in the hydraulic system. Such shocks can cause a significant rise in system pressure, leading to damage to instruments, components, and seals, as well as generating vibration and noise. Therefore, installing an accumulator before the shock source can absorb and cushion this hydraulic shock.

(2) Compensating for Leakage

When conducting solenoid valve sealing tests or leakage tests that require the hydraulic system to hold pressure, frequently starting the pump to compensate for internal leakage is uneconomical. An accumulator can be used to compensate for internal leakage to maintain the required pressure, allowing the pump to be unloaded. This extends the pump's service life and reduces energy consumption.

(3) Dampening Pulsations and Reducing Noise

In hydraulic systems for solenoid valve test benches that use plunger pumps with a low number of plungers, parameters like pressure and flow can have significant pulsations, potentially causing vibration and noise. Installing an accumulator in the system can significantly reduce these pulsations, thereby greatly decreasing damage to vibration-sensitive instruments and valves, while also noticeably reducing noise.